人民日報:中化集團中種公司 育出良種惠“三農”
“科技興(xing)農、良種(zhong)(zhong)先(xian)行”。作為我國(guo)(guo)(guo)唯一一家以農作物種(zhong)(zhong)業為主(zhu)營業務的育繁推一體(ti)化的中(zhong)(zhong)央企業,中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)中(zhong)(zhong)化集(ji)團(tuan)公司下屬(shu)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)種(zhong)(zhong)子集(ji)團(tuan)有限公司(簡稱(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)種(zhong)(zhong)公司)堅(jian)持以自主(zhu)創新引領產業發展,全面推進商業化育種(zhong)(zhong)體(ti)系(xi)建設,有效保障了國(guo)(guo)(guo)家種(zhong)(zhong)業和糧食安全。
自主(zhu)創新,提(ti)升(sheng)育種效(xiao)率
近(jin)日,全(quan)球第一張水稻全(quan)基因組育種(zhong)芯片(pian)研發成功,這是中(zhong)種(zhong)公司與華中(zhong)農(nong)業(ye)大學(xue)、北京大學(xue)聯合(he)攻關的成果。
“目前(qian)業內判(pan)斷(duan)(duan)種子真實性通常采用(yong)國(guo)標推薦的(de)24個(ge)SSR標記(ji)檢測結果,而新的(de)水稻(dao)基因芯片能(neng)夠用(yong)分布于(yu)全基因組的(de)約5000個(ge)位點(dian)來(lai)判(pan)斷(duan)(duan),能(neng)更有效地(di)從(cong)根本上杜絕假種子危害,確保(bao)農業生產用(yong)種安全。”中(zhong)種公(gong)司生命科技中(zhong)心喻輝輝博士介(jie)紹說(shuo)。
與此同時,該(gai)款(kuan)基因芯片在(zai)育(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)材料(liao)背景(jing)(jing)分析方面的優勢,能夠幫助育(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)家根據(ju)需要快(kuai)速選擇材料(liao)特性(xing),并清晰把握新品種(zhong)(zhong)的背景(jing)(jing)和血(xue)緣關系,顯著提升(sheng)水稻育(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)效率(lv)。
“傳統(tong)育(yu)種(zhong)周期長、不可預見(jian),全靠育(yu)種(zhong)家肉眼(yan)篩選。有(you)了(le)這個(ge)(ge)有(you)效工具,我們(men)就(jiu)把大田搬到(dao)實驗(yan)室(shi)來,進行大規模精準篩選,快速、準確、有(you)效獲取(qu)我們(men)想要(yao)的信(xin)息(xi)。”喻輝輝說,原來一個(ge)(ge)品種(zhong)平均(jun)8到(dao)10年(nian)的育(yu)種(zhong)周期,現在只要(yao)3到(dao)5年(nian)就(jiu)可以完成(cheng)。
近年來,在中化集團的(de)大力(li)支持下,中種(zhong)(zhong)公(gong)司立項投入(ru)50.6億元建設國家級種(zhong)(zhong)子生命科(ke)技中心(xin),并聯合科(ke)研院(yuan)所,集成高(gao)技術手段,依(yi)靠商業(ye)化育(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)模式,培育(yu)優良農作物品種(zhong)(zhong),為保障農產(chan)品有效供(gong)給和國家糧食(shi)安全做出重要貢(gong)獻。
改變模(mo)式,促進整體升級
“我(wo)們與跨國種(zhong)業(ye)巨頭的差(cha)距主要(yao)(yao)體現(xian)在研(yan)發(fa)(fa)環節,要(yao)(yao)縮小差(cha)距、迎頭趕上(shang),除(chu)了要(yao)(yao)加大研(yan)發(fa)(fa)的投入,關鍵是(shi)要(yao)(yao)構建以市場為導向的育種(zhong)運作模(mo)式。”中化集團總裁助理、中種(zhong)公(gong)司(si)總經理張學工告訴(su)記者,我(wo)國種(zhong)業(ye)發(fa)(fa)展正(zheng)處于關鍵期(qi),中種(zhong)公(gong)司(si)理應在推動我(wo)國種(zhong)業(ye)整體升級中發(fa)(fa)揮國家隊和主力(li)軍(jun)作用。
改革開放(fang)特別(bie)是進入新世紀(ji)以來,我國農(nong)作(zuo)物品種(zhong)選育(yu)水平(ping)、良種(zhong)供應能力和(he)種(zhong)業實力有了明顯提升,但與發達(da)國家上百年的種(zhong)業發展(zhan)歷程(cheng)相比,我國農(nong)作(zuo)物種(zhong)業進入市(shi)場只有10年時(shi)間,品種(zhong)選育(yu)和(he)推廣整體(ti)水平(ping)還很低,仍處于初級發展(zhan)階(jie)段。與此同時(shi),國際種(zhong)業前十強已(yi)全(quan)部登陸中國。
面對機遇和(he)挑戰,中(zhong)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)公司積(ji)極探索構(gou)建商業化(hua)育(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)體系,以農業種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植需求為導向設定育(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)目標,以高端育(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)平臺、一流育(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)人(ren)才和(he)技術、全球種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)質資源為基礎,運用現代企(qi)業管理(li)機制,實現育(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)資源集約化(hua)、育(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)流程工廠化(hua)、育(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)數量規模化(hua)、成果激勵市(shi)場化(hua)。
截(jie)至目前,中種公司已經引進了10名(ming)海內外高層次(ci)科技人才,形(xing)成了158名(ming)專業化技術(shu)人員組(zu)成的研發團(tuan)隊。
在(zai)吸引人才加(jia)盟的(de)基(ji)礎上,中種(zhong)公(gong)司(si)(si)著(zhu)力建(jian)設高端研發平臺,建(jian)立品(pin)種(zhong)測評網絡(luo),加(jia)強產(chan)學(xue)研結合(he)。中種(zhong)公(gong)司(si)(si)聯合(he)我(wo)國51家一(yi)流的(de)科研院(yuan)所、農(nong)(nong)業(ye)院(yuan)校、骨干(gan)企業(ye)和行業(ye)協會(hui),發起組建(jian)了“農(nong)(nong)作物種(zhong)業(ye)技術創新(xin)戰略聯盟”,開展聯合(he)攻關,提高科研成果轉化效(xiao)率(lv)。
加強服務,提供優質資(zi)源(yuan)
通過商業(ye)(ye)(ye)化育種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)體(ti)系的搭建,中(zhong)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)公(gong)(gong)司(si)先后(hou)培育開發出適合國內主(zhu)要(yao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)區域(yu)的多個(ge)(ge)水(shui)稻(dao)、玉米(mi)優良品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),目前(qian)已累計(ji)審定自(zi)主(zhu)研(yan)發的玉米(mi)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)28個(ge)(ge),水(shui)稻(dao)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)31個(ge)(ge)。2011年,中(zhong)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)公(gong)(gong)司(si)成(cheng)員單位經營的5個(ge)(ge)水(shui)稻(dao)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、2個(ge)(ge)玉米(mi)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)和3個(ge)(ge)小麥品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)入(ru)選了(le)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)部2012年農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)主(zhu)導品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),3個(ge)(ge)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)被農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)部認(ren)定為超級稻(dao)。數據顯示,中(zhong)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)公(gong)(gong)司(si)近(jin)三(san)年全國累積(ji)推廣種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)面積(ji)達(da)1億畝,年救災備荒(huang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子儲備量達(da)200萬公(gong)(gong)斤,成(cheng)為保障我國供種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)穩定的核心企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)。
在推動育種(zhong)環(huan)節(jie)科技創新的同(tong)時,中種(zhong)公司穩定生產、嚴把(ba)種(zhong)子(zi)(zi)質量(liang)關,為農(nong)民(min)提供優(you)質種(zhong)子(zi)(zi)資源(yuan)。同(tong)時加(jia)大農(nong)技服務(wu)的推廣力度,把(ba)農(nong)業(ye)技術(shu)帶到農(nong)民(min)身邊(bian)。
中種(zhong)(zhong)公(gong)(gong)司(si)副總經(jing)理(li)田冰川告(gao)訴(su)記者(zhe),中種(zhong)(zhong)公(gong)(gong)司(si)通(tong)過全國22家(jia)屬地(di)化的省級營銷(xiao)服務機(ji)構(gou),大(da)力(li)開(kai)展品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)試驗示范和相關農(nong)(nong)技服務,“一村一點、一點一科技帶頭人”、“央企良種(zhong)(zhong)補貼券(quan)”等活動(dong)受到廣大(da)種(zhong)(zhong)植農(nong)(nong)戶好評。在(zai)農(nong)(nong)民制種(zhong)(zhong)方面,公(gong)(gong)司(si)已在(zai)全國建立了(le)總面積超過60萬畝(mu)的五大(da)優(you)勢(shi)生產基地(di)帶,擁有12個現代化種(zhong)(zhong)子加工倉儲中心(xin),每年生產優(you)質商品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)子約1.9億公(gong)(gong)斤。
(本文章摘自5月18日《人民日報》)





